Proliferation of Economic Activities and Its Impact on Transport Agency: Case of Vatican Travelling Agency Bamenda
Department: Transport and Logistics
No of Pages: 41
Project Code: T&L6
References: Yes
Cost: 5,000XAF Cameroonian
: $15 for International students
ABSTRACT
The
main objective of this study was to examine the contribution of economic
activities to actors in Vatican Express Travelling Agency Bamenda. A case study
research design was used for the study.
Relevant
data was collected through structured questionnaire. Subjects for the study
consisted of employees and economic actors of Vatican Travelling Agency
Bamenda. SPSS version 26 was used to for data analysis.
Both
descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The
statistical tools were aligned with the objective of the research. For this
purpose, frequency tables, pie charts, cluster bar charts and percentages were
computed and substantively interpreted.
The
findings from the study show the adjusted R2 values of 0.760 which indicates
that economic activities independently explain 76.0% of the variation in growth
of Vatican Express Travelling Agency. The study concluded that economic
activities has significant effect on growth of Vatican Express Travelling
Agency.
Therefore,
it was recommended that that Actors of Economic activities should actively
participate in economic activities carried in Vatican Express Travelling Agency
since they significantly contribute to the growth of the company.
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
For
age long decades, travelling has always been a part of man. People travel for
various reasons ranging from commerce, education, pleasure, relaxation,
exploration, events and even for the fun of it. Traveling for various purposes
is associated with man (Walker and Walker, 2011).
Traveling
dates back to the existence of man (Ashamu, 2007). He added that it was in the
course of traveling, economic activities were discovered. Right from the
prehistoric period to the Neolithic age precisely between 4000 and 5000 B.C,
individuals travelled for the purpose of their safety and to fend for their
needs.
One
of the factors that contribute to the social and economic development of a
nation is having a dependable and efficient transportation system.
Hiraide
(2021) Several cross-border land corridor projects have been implemented
worldwide, because land transport is a vital alternative to international
maritime transport in inter-regional transport.
Maritime
transport generally costs less than land transport, but it is much slower.
Nonetheless, land transport can be more appropriate than maritime under certain
situations.
This
study aims to identify factors that can help select between these two modes in
long-distance inter-regional cross-border transport; to this end, a Tobit model
is employed to estimate the dependent variable, ie, the land ratio of
origin–destination pairs between countries and/or areas.
Eight
variables are identified as significant: distance, export of manufacturing
commodity, landlocked country/area, neighboring country/area, country risk,
infrastructure level, port-access time, and maritime transport frequency.
We
also find that geographical conditions, country relationship, and regulations
are barriers for selecting land transport. However, cross-border land corridors
contribute to the increase of land ratio.
Rajasekhar
(2021) Urban passenger land transport in Europe is an important source of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, but it is challenging to mitigate
these emissions as this sector interacts with many other economic sectors.
We
develop the Climate change constrained Urban passenger Transport Integrated
Life cycle assessment (CURTAIL) model to outline mitigation pathways of urban
passenger land transport that are consistent with ambitious climate targets.
CURTAIL
uses the transport activity of exogenously defined modal shares to simulate the
associated annual vehicle stocks, sales, and life cycle GHG emissions. It
estimates GHG emission budgets that are consistent with global warming below 2
and 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels and seeks mitigation strategies to remain
within the budgets.
We
apply it to a case study of Singapore, a city-state. Meeting a 1.5 °C target
requires strong commitments in the transport and electricity sectors, such as
reducing the motorized passenger activity, accelerating the deployment of
public transit and of electrification, and decarbonizing the power generation
system.
Focusing
on one mitigation technology or one mode of transport alone will not be
sufficient to meet the target. Our novel model could be applied to any city to
provide insights relevant to the design of urban climate change mitigation
targets and policies.
Our
economy and social wellbeing are critically dependent on the road haulage
system (McKinnon, et al., 2007). Transport is an intergalactic part of a
modern-day society, designed to provide efficient and economical movement
between the components parts of a county and offers maximum possible mobility
of all citizens (Ritov, 2007).
Transport
is so central to all economic activities in moving raw materials to factories,
labor to worksites, input and output along supply chain, customers to service
and products to consumer (Trevor, 2015).
Barwell
(1993) assert that transportation enhances the regional development of a country,
though it has a positive, negative and neutral effect on an economy. In the
positive light, it triggers rapid development, in the negative it leads to
migration, easy spread of diseases and while in the neutral, are cases where
transport facilities do not contribute to productivity at all.
Transportation
helps in the wealth creation of an economy, even as it helps bring investors
who will utilize the available resources of the nation; it equally helps in the
exportation of goods and services.
Transportation
contributes in improving the standard of living of people because it helps to
generate income for those who are into it and the residents of areas where this
Travelling Agencies are situated (Lucas,1998). economic activities cannot be
fully achieved without transportation, as it is what drives economic
activities.
Basically,
it is known that, Vatican Express Travelling Agency is one of the oldest
agencies in the Bamenda town. It is said that, the Vatican Express Travelling
Agency in its beginning in the year 1958 and it usually have rich customers.
A
staff developed a travel package for customers that love to travel and then it
made a great mark to many travelers in the market. In the 19th century many
Vatican Express Travelling Agency was already present since that first travel
agency became very famous especially to rich people that want a hassle-free
vacation.
They
realize that it is convenient and practical to have a package holiday tour
rather than doing thing by themselves with all the preparations and planning.
Many tourists love the idea of package holiday tour since they need to wait for
the time of their vacation.
Despite
performing well over the years to 2021, Travelling Agencies have experienced a
reversal of fortune over the current year as a result of the COVID-19
(coronavirus) pandemic.
As
a result of the pandemic, the majority of passengers adopted stringent social
distancing guidelines set forth by the government of Cameroon, with most
individuals cancelling their trips or holding off on planning new ones in favor
of obeying the recommended shelter-in-place orders.
Moreover,
the wide-ranging negative effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the Cameroon
economy have compounded consumers' reluctance to seek out the services provided
by Travelling Agency.
Basically,
Travelling Agencies can assist you in planning your trip or someone has to be
responsible with all the preparations you will need. In Vatican Express
Travelling Agency, there are retail business at assist customers in planning,
reserving and preparing vacation holiday tours or only transportation and
accommodation you need to have.
Traveling
through Vatican Express Travelling Agency for Exploring Tourism gives the best
travelling experience. Vatican Express Travelling Agency has partnered with the
best and experienced travel agent to provide you the perfect and specialized
tour package.
They
plan your tour according to your budget, duration, and interest. Vatican
Express Travelling Agency also helps you with your airport transfer, guide,
hotel, sightseeing and all kinds of activities in Cameroon. For Exploring
Tourism Vatican Express Travelling Agency outdo at helping you get your trip
planned.
Not
just trip, but exceptional trips filled with exciting and life-enriching
experiences. Vatican Express Travelling Agency are experts at handcrafting and
coordinating complex itineraries in Cameroon.
Their
expertise encompasses all logistics, accommodation, guides, transportation, and
insider access to exceptional experiences as well as round the clock support
throughout your trip. So, explore Cameroon with us to get the life’s best
travel experience.
In
Vatican Express Travelling Agency they sell products that are related to
passengers. They also give out great customer service to every client that they
will have in order that you will understand the nature of the work of such
agencies it is very important to know the history and background of the
industry.
Vatican
Express Travelling Agency basically take care of the services or preparation
for suppliers like airline companies; they basically will be the one that will
take care in preparing and reserving ticket to for the customer.
This
is a very convenient way so that you will not be worried and it is less
stressful for you to do all the preparation on a trip.
Vatican
Express Travelling Agency also assist you preparing for the renting cars or
cruise liners depending on the type of vacation holiday you will get.
This
is also a great way so that you will be able to free yourself from all the burden
of calling car rentals in the place. The agency basically has connections with
hotels, transportations and excursion buses that are needed in your travel. You
need to keep in mind that they can also give you discounted rates on the trip
that you will want.
Economic
activities and transportation are used interchangeably by people, but it is
pertinent to know that there are two different things; as all economic actors
are travelers but not all travelers are economic actors (Chadwick, 1994).
Road
transportation is a very common means of transportation among Cameroon. Most
Cameroonians prefer traveling by road not because it is the safest, but tends
to be the cheapest after water transportation.
Bearing
in mind that transportation and economic activities are both linked together,
road transport seems to be the best as it has support services that promote
economic activities like fuel stations, auto mechanics and even rest facilities
(Culpan, 1987).
Currently
in Cameroon, there are many Travelling Agencies competing for travelers; the
competition is really much as we now have Travelling Agencies going the extra
mile to offer great services to their passengers in other to stay on top of the
competition.
These
days we have cars with car conditioners, price reduction for families
travelling with infants, etc. However, the travel and economic activities
sector of Cameroon have been growing in limbs and bounds recently.
Based
on a report from the World Travel and economic activities Council (WTTC), this
sector has greatly increased the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Cameroon in
the past few years. Furthermore, not minding the current recession, the travel
and economic activities industry is contributing to help revive the economy.
Due
to this, the government has embarked on measures to help sustain this industry
and use it as a tool to achieve its 2020 vision (Jetlife, 2012).
Transport
is what gives life to development (Atubi, 2006). In the past few decades,
Cameroon cities have been experiencing huge population increases.
This
is mainly due to fastest urbanization and rural exodus (International
Association of Public Transport and African Association of Public Transport
2010). Such fast-growing cities face enormous challenges in terms of
infrastructure provision and the need to cope with the increasing demand for
transport.
1.2. Statement of the
Research Problem
The
investments of developed countries in transport infrastructure of travelling
agencies have increased the wealth and power of most nations. The movement to
develop agencies infrastructures started long ago and continued with the
development of economic activities.
Vatican
Express Travelling Agency has limitations ranging from employment of
incompetent drivers, continued usage of worn out vehicles with worn out parts
and poor services when it comes to the treatment of passengers, the problem of
setting, the type of infrastructure put in place that does not befit, the
heterogenous nature of activities found the problem faced by actors of economic
activities in the Vatican Express Travelling Agency continue to be a problem.
More
importantly, certain preconditions including substantial advancements in human
capital, must be present for an agency to effectively generate or recoup
sustainable economic benefits from investments in transport infrastructure.
The
sudden increase of economic activities and the heterogenous nature of the
activities have placed this agency point of economic activities to the vantage.
These activities are practiced by the various actors’ notably loaders,
wholesalers, retailers, marketers, truck pushers, in a small space prior to the
ever-increasing activities.
Due
to the above-mentioned problems, this research work is out to probe into the
effects of proliferation of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling
Agency by different actors.
1.3 Research Questions
1.3.1 Main Research
Question
How
do economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency contribute to the
livelihood of the actors?
1.3.2 Specific Research
questions
- What are the types of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency.?
- Who are the actors of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency?
- What are the associated problems from these economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency?
1.4 Objectives of the
Study
1.4.1 The Main Objective
The
main aim of the research work is to examine the contribution of economic
activities to actors in Vatican Express Travelling Agency.
1.4.2 Specific Objectives
- Determine the types of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency.
- Analyse the actors of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency.
- Analyse the effects of economic activities in Vatican Express Travelling Agency.
